10 facts about aneurin bevan

[90] Bevan received unanimous support for his actions from his local Labour constituency leaders. They would collect money weekly for any member who needed it. Portrait of Aneurin Bevan. C. 1924. Bevan died in his sleep at 4.10pm on 6 July 1960, at the age of 62, at his home, Asheridge Farm, Chesham, Buckinghamshire. The same year, Labour were defeated in the General Election. His contribution to the Welfare State has been immense. Bevan was critical of the leadership of the British Army, which he felt was class bound and inflexible. His influence waned after his departure, although a left-wing group (not under his control) within the party became known as "Bevanites". [34] Bevan was readmitted to the party on 20 December 1939,[35] after agreeing "to refrain from conducting or taking part in campaigns in opposition to the declared policy of the Party".[36][37]. David Bevan was born in Tredegar but his family had originally hailed from Carmarthenshire, and he followed his own father into the mines, starting work at 5:30am each day and returning home late in the evening. Inspired by the Tredger Medical Aid Society of South Wales, Bevan initiated the National Health Service (NHS), which was managed with public funds and aimed to provide free medical . [82] It was later claimed that his words had cost Labour more than two million votes. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. These numbers were reached by lowering the quality standards originally put forward by Bevan, with council houses featuring gardens being largely dropped in favour of tower blocks and flats. He was born to David Bevan a coal miner and Phoebe nee Prothero a seamstress as one of their ten children. Bevan and Cripps had previously been threatened with disciplinary action by the party for sharing a stage with a Communist speaker, and all party members were threatened with expulsion if they were associated with the Popular Front. Perhaps the greatest and certainly one of the most controversial of Labour Party politicians, Bevan was born in Tredegar, a miner's son in a dissenting family. Photo by Jeremy Segrott from Cardiff, Wales, UK - Wikimedia Commons He went on to serve as shadow foreign secretary from 1956-59 and deputy leader of the Labour party from 1959-60. Bevan's past association with Mosley would be used against him in subsequent years by his political rivals. Here you can learn about the life and work of Aneurin (Nye) Bevan (1897-1960), founder of Britain's National Health Service and one of the Labour movement's greatest orators and thinkers. It was around this time that he first "reject[ed] his chapel upbringing" and became an atheist. [42] He emphasised that the government had no arguments to persuade young men to fight "except merely in another squalid attempt to defend themselves against the redistribution of international swag". Therefore I say to Anthony, I say to the British government, there is no count at all upon which they can be defended.They have besmirched the name of Britain. Bevanism was a movement on the left wing of the Labour Party in the late 1950s led by Aneurin Bevan which also included Richard Crossman, Michael Foot and Barbara Castle. He was Chief of Staff in Spain, he won the Battle of the Ebro, and he is a sergeant. [103] Although unsuccessful in his bid, he did celebrate 25 years as the MP for Ebbw Vale. His opposition to the Labour leadership's approach was partly based on his view that the leadership of the Labour Party was not demanding assurances from the Government on its foreign policy as a price for the party's support for re-armament as expressed in his speech to the Bournemouth Conference of that year: we should say to the country we are prepared to make whatever sacrifices are necessary, to give whatever arms are necessary to fight Fascist powers and in order to consolidate world peace[39]. They condemned millions of first-class people to semi-starvation. "[97], In March 1952, a poorly prepared Bevan came off the worse in an evening Commons debate on health with Conservative backbencher Iain Macleod, whose performance led Churchill to appoint him as Minister of Health some six weeks after the debate. He wasn't cut out to be a leader, he was cut out to be a prophet". Image Credit: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portraitLarge/mw58048/Aneurin-Bevan / Wikimedia Commons, The Road to the Crown - Elizabeth I's Coronation Procession, Built by a Giantess? Along with this, the Medical Practices Committee was to oversee the distribution of GP practices a proposal which the previous Coalition Minister had withdrawn after opposition from the British Medical Association. The three won their case, and obtained financial damages of 2,500 each. 3. Labour Party deputy leader Herbert Morrison complained that Bevan's attack had backfired, for his words "did much more to make the Tories work and vote than Conservative Central Office could have done". Why this is so it is not difficult to understand, if you view everything from the angle of a strictly individualistic competitive society. Are we prepared to accept for ourselves the logic we are applying to Egypt? Discover Walks contributors speak from all corners of the world - from Prague to Bangkok, Barcelona to Nairobi. There was a particularly large increase in marginal tax rates for wealthy business owners. Confrontation with the British Medical Association (BMA) was led by Charles Hill, who published a letter in the British Medical Journal describing Bevan as "a complete and uncontrolled dictator". With his posture, the manager of the colliery found reasons to lay him off but with support from the Miners Federation, he was re-employed by the company as his case was seen as victimization. 2. There was an outpouring of national mourning that followed his death, while the Daily Herald reported that some MPs were seen to be crying in Parliament. [105] After the 1955 general election, Attlee retired as Labour leader. An estimated 125,000 nurses and 5,000 consultants were available to care for hospital patients. His appointment came during the post-war housing shortage and the need for a radical change in the National Health Service. [12] Churchill would later label Bevan "a squalid nuisance". You cannot collaborate, you cannot accept the logic of collaboration on a first class issue like rearmament, and at the same time evade the implications of collaboration all along the line when the occasion demands it.[38]. The NHS is a massive employer. In his political career, Bevan served as a minister of health in Clement Attlees Labor government of 1945, he was responsible for developing housing programs and for establishing the National Health Service. [130] The Nye Bevan Estate in Clapton Park, Hackney, London, was named after Bevan, and was opened in October 1962 by his friend and biographer Michael Foot. [6] He worked at the butcher's for several months before leaving school, instead working in the local Ty-Trist Colliery. A poll in 2013 conducted on behalf of British Future found that the NHS was more popular then than at its creation, and was more popular than the monarchy, BBC and British Armed Forces. Academically poor, young Bevan repeated a year of studies. Indeed, these factors, exacerbated by post-war restrictions on the availability of building materials and skilled labour, collectively served to limit Bevan's achievements in this area. The move was seen by some as a sideways or backwards step, although a potential rearmament program was expected to make the post of future importance. Aneurin Bevan, was born at 32 Charles Street, Tredegar, on 15th November 1897. Aneurin's name is pronounced 'uh-ny-rin'. FIGHT FOR OUR NHS free at the point of need for all. London.A man presents Mr Aneurin (Nye) Bevan, Minister of Health, to a large gathering of National Federation of Building Trades Operatives - natural sound. After Bevan left the Health ministry in 1951 he could never regain his level of success and feuded with fellow Labour leaders, using his strong political base as a weapon. With his activism and exuberance, his employer Tredegar Iron Company saw him as a troublesome person but he amazingly became a popular local speaker. Pronunciation of Aneurin Bevan: Learn how to pronounce the word Aneurin Bevan.Definition and meaning can be found here: https://www.google.com/search?q=defin. [95] According to The Times Literary Supplement, the book was a "dithyramb with meanderings into the many side-tracks of Mr Bevan's private and public experience". Use the tabs above to learn about Nye Bevan's life, work and ideas, as well as the history of the NHS. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15th November 1897 in Tredegar, Monmouthshire (now in Blaenau Gwent). His remains were cremated at Gwent Crematorium in Croesyceiliog in a private family ceremony. However, Attlee commented that Bevan was "starting with me with a clean sheet" following his appointment. Bevan appeared in court but was cleared when he produced confirmation that he suffered from nystagmus. Photo by Kaihsu Tai on 2005-07-07 Wikimedia Commons. He grew up steeped in the traditions of Welsh miners radicalism; self-help organizations, trade unionism, religious dissent, and socialism. Aneurin Bevan was born on November 15, 1897, in Tredegar, Monmouthshire in the South Wales Valleys. They collected monies among themselves was what they did to support a member who needed it each week. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. He was born in Tredegar, Wales, on 15th November 1897. Lesser-known, perhaps, is Bevans own personal background. Aneurin had a stammer as a child which he would later overcome and be recognised as a great public speaker. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. His father died by pneumoconiosis (a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust) but no compensation was paid to him, as it was not classed as an industrial disease under the Workman's Compensation Act. We want the complete political extinction of the Tory Party, and twenty-five years of Labour Government. Bevan was named Minister of Labour in 1951, but resigned after two months in office, when the Attlee government proposed the introduction of prescription charges for dental and vision care and decided to transfer funds from the National Insurance Fund to pay for rearmament. Members of the BMA had dubbed him the "Tito of Tonypandy". Get time period newsletters, special offers and weekly programme release emails. Photo by Howard Coster - Wikimedia Commons, Portrait of Aneurin Bevan. "[49], Dunbar had been recommended for a commission, but rejected it himself to remain with his unit. [14], Upon returning home in 1921, he found that the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company refused to re-employ him. In February 1925, his father died of pneumoconiosis, an illness caused by the inhalation of coal dust. He published the bookIn Place of Fear in 1952, which became the most read socialist book at the time. After his resignation, Bevan served as Shadow Foreign Secretary from 1955 to 1959. When Labour supported the government's scheme with no such conditions, Bevan denounced Labour for imploring the people on recruiting platforms to put themselves under the leadership of their opponents. [102], In March 1955, when Britain was preparing for Operation Grapple, the testing of its first hydrogen bomb, Bevan led a revolt of 57 Labour MPs and abstained on a key vote. Thus, the responsibility for instituting a new and comprehensive National Health Service, as well as tackling the country's severe post-war housing shortage, was given to Bevan, the youngest member of Attlee's Cabinet in his first ministerial position at the age of 47. Bevan followed his advice, often practising his speeches to his friends to perfect his speech and wording, and remarked that Conway's words were the "best advice I ever had". Omissions? [52] An administrative committee voted 71 to 60 in favour of retaining Bevan as an MP,[53] although it was announced that party discipline was to be strengthened in future. Aneurin Bevan and the setting up of the NHS The National Health Service. Nye gave us the greatest Socalist model ever seen in 1948. [12] Harold Macmillan ended his Prime Minister's Questions session in Parliament two days after Bevan's death by paying tribute to the opposition MP, describing him as "a great personality and a great national figure". Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. Bevanism was opposed by the Gaitskellites, moderate social democrats within the party. Bevan contested the leadership against both Morrison and Labour right-winger Gaitskell, but it was Gaitskell who emerged victorious with more than half of the ballots. He was not a cold-blooded rationalist. He read Marxism at the college and was a brief follower of Noah Ablett,[11][12] developing his left-wing political outlook. [9] The miners remained on strike for six months. So far as I am concerned they are lower than vermin. In addition, he is known for his wider contribution to the founding of the British welfare state. In 1957 he argued that sovereignty would be taken away from parliament if Britain was to join, much the same argument as Brexiteers make today. In Parliament, he became a vocal critic of numerous other politicians from all parties, particularly Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George. He was a strong critic of the arming policy the British government adopted during the rise of Hitler. Prime Minister Attlee rejected Bevan in favour of Herbert Morrison because he distrusted Bevan's personality. He was called up for service during the First World War, and was briefly arrested when his sister Blodwen burnt his conscription papers and he failed to report for duty. If nations more powerful than ourselves accept the absence of principle, the anarchistic attitude of Eden and launch bombs on London, what answer have we got, what complaint have we got? Read more. [69][70] The removal of the criteria of "working class" from local authority housing provision was seen as a first step, widening access to the council housing that was becoming an ever larger part of the UK housing stock and which made up a majority of new homes built after the war. After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed minister of health, responsible for establishing the National Health Service. [117] His last speech in the House of Commons, in the debate of 3 November 1959 on the Queen's Speech,[118] referred to the difficulties of persuading the electorate to support a policy which would make them less well-off in the short term, but more prosperous in the long term. Aneurin Nye Bevan (1897-1960) is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history. [19] With his success in 1928, he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale (displacing the sitting MP Evan Davies),[20] and easily held the seat at the 1929 General Election. If we are going to appeal to force, if force is to be the arbiter to which we appeal, it would at least make common sense to try to make sure beforehand that we have got it, even if you accept that abysmal logic, that decadent point of view.We are in fact in the position today of having appealed to force in the case of a small nation, where if it is appealed to against us it will result in the destruction of Great Britain, not only as a nation, but as an island containing living men and women. Happy travels! In his 2014 biography, Nick Thomas-Symonds described "an outpouring of national mourning" that followed Bevan's death. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. [45][by whom? He was the sixth of ten children born to Phoebe and David Bevan, of whom only eight survived infancy and only six to adulthood. As a result of this success, he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale, then easily held the seat in the 1929 General Election, receiving more than twice the number of votes as the Liberal candidate. Bevan was not academically sharp Aneurin Bevan with his eye on the Ball. 'Nye is asleep next door. Along that road is endless retreat, and at the end of it a voluntary totalitarian State with ourselves erecting the barbed wire around. [46] Historian Max Hastings described Bevan's role in Parliament during the war as "his figures were accurate but his scorn was at odds with the spirit of the momentfull of gratitude, as was the prime minister". [5] Bevan also joined the Tredegar branch of the South Wales Miners' Federation and became a trade union activist: he was head of his local Miners' Lodge at 19 years of age. [68], Conservative opposition of the National Health Service scheme feared that the sudden access to free health care would be overrun. Aneurin Bevan was a reversed and famous Wales Labour politician who championed social justice, the right of workers, and democratic socialism. [112] Speaking at the 1957 Labour Party conference, he decried unilateral nuclear disarmament, saying "It would send a British Foreign Secretary naked into the conference-chamber". [12] Bevan resigned from his position two weeks later, stating both the proposed changes and the increase in military expenditure that necessitated the need for such proposals. He is known for leading the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) to give medical care free at point-of-need to all Britons. On 5 July 1948, the government took over responsibility for all medical services and there was free diagnosis and treatment for all. Aneurin Bevan was the son of coal miner David Bevan and Phoebe, a seamstress. Bevan always stood up for the underdog, and was a voice for the unemployed in the period between the two world wars when joblessness was a major domestic political issue. [7], Bevan became a well-known local orator and was seen by his employers, the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company, as a troublemaker. At the start of World War Two the government realised that, if it was to cope with the huge number of anticipated . KidzSearch Safe Wikipedia for Kids. Though described as an outstanding back-bench critic and an excellent debater, Bevan had long clashed with Attlee, even before being in his cabinet, because he thought he hadnt held the Tory party to account properly throughout World War Two. His autobiography, In Place of Fear, appeared in 1952, Aneurin Bevan. [59] Bevan had clashed frequently with Attlee during his time as an MP, believing that the Labour leader failed to apply enough pressure on the Tory government during the war. At the age of 13, in his last months of schooling, he worked as a butcher's boy at a local store. [123][124] An open-air service was held in his constituency of Ebbw Vale and was presided over by Donald Soper. Although he was defeated, he gained attention from his peers and he won a scholarship to the Central Labour College in London, sponsored by the South Wales Miners' Federation. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. We are going to Tredegar-ise you. Later today he will be taken home to Wales. In its early stages this proved true, as the service went vastly over budget in its inaugural year, and Attlee was forced to make a radio address to the nation in an attempt to limit the strain on the system. [63] Having been a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and serving as chairman in 192930, Bevan had received an insight into the management of health services by local authorities, which proved to be a bedrock of his work in founding the National Health Service.[48]. Image Credit: Anenurin Bevan, Minister of Health, on the first day of the National Health Service, 5 July 1948 at Park Hospital, Davyhulme, near Manchester / Wikimedia Commons. Bevan attended the local school, where he was deeply shy because of a severe stammer that he developed as a child. Historian Kenneth O. Morgan says, "Bevan alone kept the flag of left-wing socialism aloft throughoutwhich gave him a matchless authority amongst the constituency parties and in party conference". To achieve mastery as a speaker, he had first to overcome a speech impediment. A statue of Aneurin Bevan in Cardiff. It was one of a long row of four-roomed miners' cottages. This is often quoted as "I stuffed their mouths with gold". The Labour conference voted to drop its opposition to rearmament. As exposure to the atmosphere reduces all mummies to instant dissolution, so war passes supreme judgment upon social systems that have outlived their vitality. After a Labour landslide victory in 1945, Clement Attlee appointed Bevan Minister of Health, with a remit that also covered housing, given the severe post-war shortage. We enter this campaign at this general election, not merely to get rid of the Tory majority. This was after he had won a seat on the Monmouthshire County Council in 1928. [47] His fierce opposition made him unpopular with some portions of the public at the time, his wife later described how the couple would frequently receive parcels filled with excrement at their home.[48]. He joined the Labour Party and attended Central Labour College in London. In 1926, he became a key leader of the South Wales miners during a General Strike, being largely responsible for the distribution of strike pay in Tredegar and for forming the Council of Action, an organisation that helped to raise money and provide food for the workers. [91], Later the same year, the Labour Party were defeated at the general election. He died on 6 July 1960. Tomorrow he will be cremated in keeping with his known views. [11] Bevan remained at the college until 1921, attending at a time when a number of his contemporaries from South Wales, including Jim Griffiths, were also students at the college. History Hit Launches on Comcasts Entertainment Platforms in the US. An infuriated Bevan stated that he would never be a member of a government that imposed charges on the National Health Service. [10] The Query club started in 1920 or 1921 and they met in Tredegar. Excerpts from Bevan's speeches are included in Greg Rosen's book Old Labour to New: the dreams that inspired, the battles that divided (published by Methuen in 2005 (ISBN978-1-84275-045-2)). Former Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan ended his Prime Ministers Questions two days after Bevans death with a tribute to him, describing him as a great personality and a great national figure. He was elected head of his Miners' Lodge when aged 19, where he frequently railed against management. In 1959, Bevan was elected deputy leader of the Labour Party, although he was already suffering from terminal cancer. He knelt reverently in respect to a friend or friend's faith, but he never pretended to be anything other than what he was, a humanist. The new Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, appointed Bevan as Minister of Health, with a remit that also covered housing. [62] This system proved so popular that 20,000 people supported the organisation during the 1930s. He won the seat easily and made it to parliament. Icon of 1960s Britain: Who Was Mary Quant? Read more. BBC 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. The Aneurin Bevan, former Cross Inn, September 2018, This is a photo of the listed building number. Despite resistance from opposition parties and the British Medical Association, the National Health Service Act 1946 was passed and launched in 1948, nationalising more than 2,500 hospitals within the United Kingdom. [61], The free National Health Service was paid for directly through public money. Corrections? In 1924, he found a job at the Bedwellty Colliery which would close down in just ten months. From 1940 to 1945 he was editor of the independent Socialist Tribune. Bevan was a supporter of the Liberal Party as a child, but later converted to socialism and joined the Independent Labour Party. It was during this period that he became convinced by the ideas of socialism. In his biography of Bevan, John Campbell wrote, "Bevan's impetuous temperament, undiplomatic tone and reputation as an extreme left-winger combined to make the Foreign Office seem the last place a prudent Prime Minister would think of putting him at any time. No falsity must touch him once he is no longer available to defend his views. Photo by Jeremy Segrott from Cardiff, Wales, UK Wikimedia Commons. He was adept at construction and added several modern features when the family moved to 7 Charles Street, installing the first gas stove in the street, an inside toilet and running hot water. We may all come from different walks of life but we have one common passion - learning through travel. Bevan countered that the initial overspending was down to years of underinvestment in the British medical system prior to the Second World War: by the start of the 1950s, the early overspending had come to an end.[65]. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aneurin_Bevan&oldid=1149734012, Fairlie, Henry. He is particularly noted for his tenure as Minister for Health in Clement Attlees government, in which he pioneered the creation of the British National Health Service. He developed a severe stammer as a child and, according to his younger sister Myfanwy, became "a lonely chap", due to the need to shy away from the attention it brought him.[5]. On the 'appointed day', 5 July 1948, Bevan's National Health Service Act 1946 came into force. Bevan died from stomach cancer in 1960 at the age of 62. [107] He instead stood again for the role of party treasurer and was duly elected, beating George Brown.[108]. Photo by Spudgun67 Wikimedia Commons.
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