muhammad ali parents religion

Muhammad Ali's birth name was Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. In a May 25, 1965, rematch against Liston, he emerged with a first-round knockout victory. Influence on Muhammad Ali Through her strong Christian belief, Clay had a great influence on the life and spiritual upbringing of both of her sons. In 1975, Ali and Frazier locked horns again for their grudge match on October 1 in Quezon City, Philippines. I cannot be beaten! Ive changed my religion and some of my beliefs since then, but her God is still God; I just call him by a different name. A member of Ali's entourage, Cody Jones, who was also present during this interview, corroborated what Ali said and claimed he had seen the platform together with Ali at five A.M. one morning when the two were out jogging. His final record of 56 wins and 5 losses with 37 knockouts has been matched by others, but the quality of his opponents and the manner in which he dominated during his prime placed him on a plateau with boxings immortals. Ali would subsequently go on to attend the rallies and lectures of Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammad. In 1998, he was chosen to be a United Nations Messenger of Peace because of his work in developing nations. Cassius Marcellus Clay (November 11, 1912 - February 8, 1990) was an American painter and musician. Ali was received by the people of Zaire as a conquering hero, and he did his part by knocking out Foreman in the eighth round to regain the heavyweight title. FULL NAME: Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.BORN: January 17, 1942DIED: June 3, 2016BIRTHPLACE: Louisville, KentuckySPOUSES: Sonji Roi (1964-1965), Belinda Boyd (1967-1977), Veronica Porch (1977-1986), and Yolanda Williams (1986-2016)CHILDREN: Maryum, Jamillah, Rasheda, Muhammad Jr., Miya, Khaliah, Hana, Laila Ali, and AsaadASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Capricorn. On March 6, 1964, Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad (1897-1975) bestowed on Clay the name of Muhammad Ali. At that time it was the first time I had seen a Muhammad Speaks newspaper. His birth name was Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. At an early age, young Clay showed that he wasnt afraid of any boutinside or outside of the ring. They believed Elijah was a prophet, and they've kept the exact ways Elijah taught them. He buried both of Muhammad's parents and Lonnie's mother, and when Ali used the visitation of Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. as an opportunity to hand out Islamic literature at the head of the casket . Following his suspension, Ali found refuge on Chicagos South Side, where he lived from the mid-1960s through the late 1970s. You have reached your limit of free articles. That would seem to suggest, at the very least, that it was a key moment in his journey., Camacho-Ali sees the first anniversary of Alis passing as another chance to celebrate him, flaws and all. Muhammad Ali had seven daughters of his own with different women. Ali first came into contact with the Nation of Islam (NOI) in 1959 while in Chicago for a Golden Gloves tournament, and attended his first meeting in 1961. She taught us it was wrong to be prejudiced or hate. The U.S. Justice Department pursued a legal case against Ali and denied his claim for conscientious objector status. Over the next 30 months, at the peak of his popularity as champion, Ali fought nine times in bouts that showed him to be a courageous fighter but a fighter on the decline. He refused to serve in the Vietnam War, referring to himself as a conscientious objector, and was arrested. The platform contains bombs which would be dropped at Armageddon which would begin after a threshold in the earth's collective guilt had been breached. His health and his spirituality have changed, and its not so much about being religious, but about going out and making people happy, doing charity, and supporting people and causes. The victory gave the 32-year-old Ali a title shot against 25-year-old champion George Foreman (1949-). Khan was an Indian-born musician and Sufi master who lived from 1882 to 1927, according to the International Sufi Movement. I liked that cartoon, Ali wrote. Photo: Maryum Ali's parents together while she was in her father's arm. He was called Ibn al-Hanafiyya after his mother, Khawla bint Ja'far; she was known as Hanafiyya, "the Hanafi woman", after her tribe Banu Hanifa.After the death of Muhammad, the people of Yamama were declared apostates by the Muslims for . Meanwhile, as the 1960s grew more tumultuous, Alis impact upon American society was growing, and he became a lightning rod for dissent. Muhammad Ali, original name Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr., (born January 17, 1942, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.died June 3, 2016, Scottsdale, Arizona), American professional boxer and social activist. The October 30, 1974, fight in Kinshasa, Zaire, was dubbed the Rumble in the Jungle. Ali, the decided underdog, employed his rope-a-dope strategy, leaning on the ring ropes and absorbing a barrage of blows from Foreman while waiting for his opponent to tire. They divorced a little more than one year later when she refused to adopt the Nation of Islam dress and customs. (Getty). Many fans wanted to build a museum to acknowledge my achievements. Ali played himself in the 1977 film The Greatest, which explored parts of his life such as his rise to boxing fame, conversion to Islam, and refusal to serve in Vietnam. In what is regarded by many as the greatest prizefight of all time (the Thrilla in Manila), Ali was declared the victor when Fraziers corner called a halt to the bout after 14 brutal rounds. Ali married his fourth wife, Lonnie (ne Yolanda Williams), in 1986. Malcolm X is credited with playing a critical role in the evolution of Ali's religious views by steering him towards the Nation of Islam. But after beating Sonny Liston, after getting more regulation and my power finally is straight, I said, I dont know, I told them that night I fought Liston and revealed it after that fight. Elijah Muhammad typically gave "completed" Islamic holy names only to longstanding members of the Nation, who had been with the organization for decades, as a mark of honor. He won his first eight professional fights, according to database BoxRec. Ali was the first fighter to win the world heavyweight championship on three separate occasions; he successfully defended this title 19 times. But in one of the most stunning upsets in sports history, Liston retired to his corner after six rounds, and Clay became the new champion. CHILDREN: Maryum, Jamillah, Rasheda, Muhammad Jr., Miya, Khaliah, Hana, Laila Ali, and Asaad ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Capricorn Early Life Muhammad Ali was born on January 17, 1942, in Louisville,. Muhammad Ali (1942-2016) was an American former heavyweight champion boxer and one of the greatest sporting figures of the 20th century. When Clay was 12 years old, he took up boxing under the tutelage of Louisville policeman Joe Martin. Muhammad Ali, originally named Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr., was born in Louisville in 1942. Clays victory over Liston earned him his first world heavyweight boxing championship. Prophet Muhammad ' s Family Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in 570 CE to Abd Allah bin Al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. Ali lived the final decade of his live in the Phoenix suburb of Paradise Valley, Arizona. Shoot them for what? . 2 Laila Ali. By Hana Yasmeen Ali. On March 8, 1971, Ali took on Joe Frazier in what has been called the Fight of the Century. Frazier and Ali went toe-to-toe for 14 rounds before Frazier dropped Ali with a vicious left hook in the 15th. That naming also came at a crucial point in Malcolm's . Almost all figures in this mythology are exact, notes Plimpton. After graduating high school, he traveled to Rome and won the light heavyweight gold medal in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Laila Ali and Muhammad Ali pose for a photo after Laila won the Super Middleweight title in June 2005. Despite the progression of Parkinsons and the onset of spinal stenosis, he remained active in public life. Ali and Lonnie had one son together, Asaad, and remained married until Alis death. Write to Sean Gregory at sean.gregory@time.com. A woman who can run faster than any other born must live by a superior. I told him OK, I will be there. In 2021, he signed a deal with legendary Top Rank promoter Bob Arum, who promoted 27 of Muhammad Alis bouts. [31] At the weigh-in before the first Ali-Liston fight, Ali had shouted: "It is prophesied that I should win! Martin, who was also a boxing trainer, suggested that the upset youngster first learn how to fight, and he took Clay under his wing. Following Ali's death, I graciously witnessed my own family's story on television and social media. Hes not suffering anymore. Uncle-in-law of Curtis Conway. My parents converted to Islam like Ali, and started their spiritual journey in the religion with the Nation of Islam. According to the 1967 book, Black Is Best: The Riddle of Cassius Clay, by former Sports. It did something to me. Even after. Nico Ali Walsh Wiki :- As per the sources, Nico Walsh belongs to a mixed ethnical background. Resting Place: Cave Hill Cemetery. Nico Ali Walsh's parents are Rasheda Ali and Bob Walsh. Unable to compete professionally in the meantime, Ali missed more than three prime years of his athletic career. Ali has Irish roots. Then, on March 8, 1971, he challenged Joe Frazier, who had become heavyweight champion during Alis absence from the ring. But I've changed what I believe, and what I believe in now is true Islam. Well, you better learn how to fight before you start challenging people, Martin reportedly told him at the time. Some of the ministers didn't like what he was teaching. [28] He was a descendant of slaves of the antebellum South, and was predominantly of African descent, with Irish [29] and English family heritage. The pair had two daughters together, Hana and Laila Ali. The pair welcomed four adorable children, including Maryum "May May"(born in 1968), twins, Jamillah and Rasheda Ali (born in 1970), and Muhammad Ali, Jr. (born in 1972). How can I shoot them poor people? Conversely, the thought of having to face a dreaded "Black Muslim" must have been at the very least a slightly daunting proposition for many of Ali's opponents, especially the ones he christened "Uncle Toms."[32]. The same day, he had an interview scheduled with Readers Digest conducted by Howard Bingham, his former public relations manager. But I had no intention to go to any meeting. Citing his religious beliefs, he refused to serve. Corrections? Young Cassius had a younger brother named Rudy. And it made sense.. Muhammad Ali prays in a mosque at his former training camp in Deer Lake, Pennsylvaina, in June 1991. By age 18 Clay had captured two national Golden Gloves titles, two Amateur Athletic Union national titles and 100 victories against eight losses. Ali was married four times and had nine children, including two childrendaughters Miya and Khaliahhe fathered outside of marriage. In effect, he wanted us to remind people who are suffering that he had seen the face of injusticethat he grew up during segregation and that during his early life he was not free to be who he wanted to be. Youve got to check yourself. Dubbed the Thrilla in Manila, the bout nearly went the distance, with both men delivering and absorbing tremendous punishment. Jeremiah Shabazz didn't like it. Then, Muhammad Ali was named Cassius Marcellus Clay, and until her divorce, Sonji was addressed as Sonji Clay. And the white slave master would run up behind the slave with a whip and hit the poor [slave] on the back with a whip and say, what are you doing praying in that language, you know what I told you to speak, and the slave said, yes sir, yes sir, Master. Ali became the first boxer to win the heavyweight championship three times. Frank Sinatra had to work his ass off to watch Ali's comeback fight Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. Clay met charismatic Nation of Islam minister Malcolm X at a rally in Detroit in June 1962. Moore called the maneuver the turtle but Ali called it rope-a-dope. The strategy was that, instead of moving around the ring, Ali chose to fight for extended periods of time leaning back into the ropes in order to avoid many of Foremans heaviest blows. Historical Marker #2339 in Louisville notes the location of the house where the famous boxer and humanitarian Muhammad Ali grew up. In 1984, Ali announced that he had Parkinsons disease, a degenerative neurological condition. Alis most-tangible ring assets were speed, superb footwork, and the ability to take a punch. Having refused induction into the U.S. Army, he also stood for the proposition that unless you have a very good reason to kill, war is wrong. As Black activist Julian Bond later observed, When a figure as heroic and beloved as Muhammad Ali stood up and said, No, I wont go, it reverberated through the whole society.. According to the 1967 book, Black Is Best: The Riddle of Cassius Clay, by former Sports Illustrated writer Jack Olsen, Ali said his first encounter came from a street corner proselytizer in Harlem. He soon turned professional with the backing of the Louisville Sponsoring Group and continued overwhelming all opponents in the ring. Magazines, Or create a free account to access more articles, Exclusive: The Real Reason Muhammad Ali Converted to Islam. In 1990, he met with Saddam Hussein to help broker the release of Americans held captive after the invasion of Kuwait. In 2011, he asked Iran to release the U.S. hikers captured. Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya (Muhammad al-Akbar) was born in Medina about AD 633 (though also said to be during Umar's era), the third of Ali's sons. father: Muhammad Ali mother: Khalilah Camacho Ali siblings: Asaad Amin, Hana Ali, Jamillah Ali, Khaliah Ali, Laila Ali, Maryum Ali, Miya Ali, Muhammad Ali Jr. children: Biaggio Ali Walsh Family Members Black Miscellaneous U.S. State: Pennsylvania, African-American From Pennsylvania City: Philadelphia More Facts Recommended Lists: American People Sufism means wisdom, both from within and without, and is not classified as a religion. Tyler Piccotti joined the Biography.com staff in 2023, and before that had worked almost eight years as a newspaper reporter and copy editor. Muhammad Alis mother was his greatest supporter despite their separate spiritual paths. Ali was stripped of his championship and precluded from fighting by every state athletic commission in the United States for three and a half years. And the cartoon was about the first slaves that arrived in America, and the cartoon was showing how the black slaves were slipping off at the plantation to pray in the Arabic language facing the east. Muhammad Ali, born Cassius Clay, Jr., passed away in the late hours of Friday night, aged 74, at a hospital in . Born in Louisville as Cassius Marcellus Clay, he announced his conversion to Islam in 1964 and changed his name to Muhammad Ali (some older residents of the city never quite accepted it).. Today, the world celebrates the 70th birthday of the first and only three-time consecutive World Heavyweight Champion Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr.).. The Prophet Muhammad Muhammad was also very religious, occasionally taking journeys of devotion to sacred sites near Mecca. Alis message of Black pride and Black resistance to white domination was on the cutting edge of the civil rights movement. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Alis position was especially controversial because it came at a time when most people in the United States still supported the war in Southeast Asia. Muhammad Ali received guidance from Sunni-Sufi Islamic scholars such as Grand Mufti of Syria Almarhum Asy-Syaikh Ahmed Kuftaro, Shaykh Hisham Kabbani, Imam Zaid Shakir, Shaykh Hamza Yusuf, and Dr. Timothy J. Gianotti, who was at Ali's bedside during his last days and ensured that his funeral was in accordance with Islamic rites and rituals.[29][30]. [15], After Elijah Muhammad's death, in 1975, his son Wallace D. Muhammad (later Warith Deen Mohammed) assumed leadership of the organization, following which the fundamental doctrines of the Nation of Islam underwent a change to bring them closer to Sunni Islam. He continued to attend meetings, although keeping his involvement hidden from the public. At 6 feet, 3 inches tall, Clay was an imposing figure in the ring, but he also became known for his lightning speed and fancy footwork. Ali has been married four times and has seven daughters and two sons. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [20] Around 2005, Ali adopted Sufi Islam, and announced that out of all Islamic spiritual schools of thought, he felt most strongly inclined towards Sufism.[21][22][23][24][25][26]. . Boyd and Ali divorced in 1976. Following his loss to Frazier, Ali won 10 fights in a row, 8 of them against world-class opponents. The cartoon illustrated how white slave owners brutally beat their slaves, while insisting that they pray to Jesus. Jones described the platform as "a bright light darting in the sky." He baited Foreman into throwing wild punches with his rope-a-dope technique, before stunning his opponent with an eighth-round knockout to reclaim the heavyweight title. He later told Olsen that it came at a Nation of Islam meeting in Miami in 1960 or early 1961, and he also said that his first meeting was in Chicago. "Ali did more to normalize Islam in this country than perhaps any other Muslim in the history of the United States," Sherman Jackson, the Muslim scholar . His commitment to freedom of speech and of religion truly embodied the constitutional freedoms our Founding Fathers proscribed, something made even more resonant by our current political climate. Updates? Subsequently, he encouraged all mosques affiliated with his organization to "be independent under the leadership of the Muslim American Society, or the Ministry of W. Deen Mohammed. Muhammad Ali was one of the greatest boxers in history, the first fighter to win the world heavyweight championship on three separate occasions. Seven months later Ali regained the championship with a 15-round victory over Spinks. It is the perfect fit for Ali, who had been living in the ways that Sufis do for decades before he'd heard of the religion. Alis outspokenness on issues of race, religion and politics made him a controversial figure during his career, and the heavyweights quips and taunts were as quick as his fists. He was their first and only son. I cherish the good moments. She was also known as Sonji Clay. The end of his friendship with Malcolm because one of Alis greatest regrets in life, wrote Randy Roberts, the co-author of Blood Brothers: The Fatal Friendship Between Muhammad Ali and Malcolm X. Convicted of draft evasion, Ali was sentenced to the maximum of five years in prison and a $10,000 fine, but he remained free while the conviction was appealed. Is this civilization of Europe? His father, Cassius Marcellus Clay, Sr., supported a wife and two sons by painting billboards and signs. Another legendary Ali fight took place on October 30, 1974, against undefeated heavyweight champion George Foreman. The former champions motor skills slowly declined, and his movement and speech were limited. Ali also received the Presidents Award from the NAACP in 2009 for his public service efforts. His final record of 56 wins and 5 losses with 37 knockouts has been matched by others, but the quality of his opponents and his overwhelming success during his prime placed him among boxings immortals. On one of his pilgrimages in 610, he was meditating in a cave on. By 2005, Ali had embraced Sufism, a strand of Islam that emphasizes a personal connection with . He has been a world soul for many decades; he has grown from separatist to universalist. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky on January 17, 1942. And it made sense. Son of Odessa Clay Older brother of Muhammad Ali. Muhammad Ali converted to Islam in the early 1960s. Three years later, he won the National Golden Gloves Tournament of Champions, as well as the Amateur Athletic Unions national title for the light heavyweight division. Directed by Leon Gast, the film won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. Many saw Ali as a draft dodger, and his popularity plummeted. In his first title defense in May 1965 Ali defeated Sonny Liston with a first-round knockout. He was 74 years old. In October 1970, Ali was allowed to return to boxing, but his skills had eroded. The decision enraged his critics his hometown newspaper continued to refer to Ali by his birth name, Cassius Clay, for years to come and led him to refuse to serve in Vietnam, a stand that cost him his title, his livelihood and, ultimately, cemented his status as an American iconoclast. Malcolm X even assigned an associate to help manage Clays day-to-day affairs. Following a brief retirement, Ali returned to the ring to face Larry Holmes on October 2, 1980, but was overmatched against the younger champion. For the performance, Smith received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. They never called me nigger, they never lynched me, they didnt put no dogs on me, they didnt rob me of my nationality, rape and kill my mother and father. Muhammad Ali was initially raised as a Baptist[1] before entering Islam. Following his suspension for refusing military service in the Vietnam War, Ali reclaimed the heavyweight title two more times during the 1970s, winning famed bouts against Joe Frazier and George Foreman along the way. Without naming Mr Trump, Mr Ali said that Muslims. Nicos brother, Biaggio Ali Walsh, was a star football running back, helping lead national powerhouse Bishop Gorman High School in Las Vegas to the top of the USA Today rankings from 2014 through 2016. The New York boxing commission suspended Alis license the same day he was arrested and stripped him of his heavyweight title. Name: Muhammad Ali (Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.) Profession: Activist and Professional Boxer. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad-Ali-boxer, Hollywood Walk of Fame - Biography of Muhammad Ali, International Boxing Hall of Fame - Biography of Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Ali - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Muhammad Ali - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Sonny Liston and Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali). Then he retired from boxing, but two years later he made an ill-advised comeback and suffered a horrible beating at the hands of Larry Holmes in a bout that was stopped after 11 rounds. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Ali married his fourth and final wife Yolanda, who went by Lonnie, in 1986. In 1970 the New York State Supreme Court ordered his boxing license reinstated, and the following year the U.S. Supreme Court overturned his conviction in a unanimous decision. "After a 32-year battle with Parkinson's disease, Muhammad Ali has passed away at the age of 74. The Latest Exercise Fad: Storming Normandy Beach on D-Day, How Black Filmmakers Are Reclaiming Their History Onscreen. See also Other Works | Publicity Listings | Official Sites View agent, publicist, legal and company contact details on IMDbPro 2023 TIME USA, LLC. He released this statement, titled Presidential Candidates Proposing to Ban Muslim Immigration to the United States, in December. In 2005, Ali received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President George W. Bush. Ali explained his reasoning at the time saying: My conscience wont let me go shoot my brother, or some darker people, or some poor hungry people in the mud for big powerful America. He represents the time of our struggle in the dark and a time of confusion in us, and we dont want to be associated with that at all.. Magazines, Digital Ali opened the Muhammad Ali Center, a multicultural center with a museum dedicated to his life and legacy, in his hometown of Louisville in 2005. As memories are shared of Ali, the world can examine the relevance of Islam in the Black struggle. The Relationship of Muhammad Ali and Malcolm X, The Story Behind the Famous Ali-Liston Photo, 10 Things You Might Not Know About Jimmy Butler, Relationship With Malcolm X and Conversion to Islam, Vietnam War Protest and Supreme Court Case, Wives, Children, and Family Boxing Legacy, https://www.biography.com/about/a43602329/about-us, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. While the first two are true the third certainly isnt. In his early bouts as a professional, Clay was more highly regarded for his charm and personality than for his ring skills. A few months later, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned his conviction in June 1971, allowing Ali to fight on a regular basis. Tatyana Ali is a native of New York and was born on the 24th of January 1979 in North Bellmore. His reflexes, while still superb, were no longer as fast as they had once been. Elijah Muhammad speaks during Saviour's Day celebrations, while Muhammad Ali listens (center, fore), at the International Ampitheatre, Chicago, IL, on Feb. 27, 1966. Camacho-Ali asked Muhammad to write the letter after she confronted him about his extramarital dalliances. Ali became an Olympic gold medalist in 1960 and the world heavyweight boxing champion in 1964. He continued to attend meetings, although keeping his involvement hidden from the public. For once, Ali was seen as the underdog to the younger, massive Foreman, but he silenced his critics with a masterful performance. Among them was an "evil genius", Yakub, the "devil" of this religion. All of them have grown up currently and are focused on their own lives. Muhammad indicated that when the end came for him, he wanted us to use his life and his death as a teaching moment for young people, for his country, and for the world, Lonnie said. On November 14, 1966, Ali fought Cleveland Williams. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}10 Things You Might Not Know About Jimmy Butler, Celebrities & Notables Running the Boston Marathon, 7 Facts About Gymnast and TikTok Star Olivia Dunne, Nat Sweetwater Cliftons First NBA Season, 8 Negro League Legends Featured in a New MLB Game, Get to Know NCAA Tournament Star Caitlin Clark, 10 Things You Might Not Know About Shohei Ohtani. In 1960, Clay won a spot on the U.S. Olympic boxing team and traveled to Rome to compete. I sneaked into meetings, sneak in the back door, look around for the police officer, pass me in, before going in. Ali had a career record of 56 wins, five losses, and 37 knockouts before his retirement in 1981 at the age of 39. Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr., grew up in the American South in a time of segregated public facilities. I am angry that the world sees a certain group of Islam followers who caused this destruction, but they are not real Muslims. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. After that he fought Joe Frazier a second time and won a unanimous 12-round decision. The latter followed in Alis footsteps by becoming a champion boxer. From a boxing perspective, it is speculated that Malcolm X may have contributed to enhancing the probability of Ali winning his first bout with Liston, by instilling into Ali the belief that he was invincible, and that it was destined that he would win. Ali, who died on June 3, 2016 at age 74, has offered a few different reasons for his embrace of Islam. It does not promote terrorism or killing people. He was born in 1972. [27][28] According to Ali's biographer and friend Davis Miller: Sufis believe that to purposely harm any person is to harm all of humanity, to harm each of us and to damage the world.
Can You Use Lightstim More Than Once A Day?, What Does The Bible Say About Living Together Unmarried, Tyler Van Dyke Date Of Birth, Articles M