which of the following countries represents a high context culture

In order to gain a better understanding of Japans high context culture, we interviewed several people who have lived and worked in the country. High-context communication relies on a high degree of commonality between the individuals. It is also used to denote the complex networks of practices and accumulated knowledge and ideas that are transmitted through social interaction and exist in specific human groups, or cultures, using the plural form. There are a number of international agreements and national laws relating to the protection of culture and cultural heritage. These include expressive forms like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter, and clothing. China China is also on the list of high context countries because its culture is influenced by Confucian elements (benevolence, propriety, righteousness, etc.). [47] Cultural studies in this sense, then, can be viewed as a limited concentration scoped on the intricacies of consumerism, which belongs to a wider culture sometimes referred to as Western civilization or globalism. "[30] According to this way of thinking, one could classify some countries and nations as more civilized than others and some people as more cultured than others. Organizations like UNESCO attempt to preserve culture and cultural heritage. [14] In this context, modernization could be viewed as adoption of Enlightenment era beliefs and practices, such as science, rationalism, industry, commerce, democracy, and the notion of progress. Employees in today's workforce must learn to write only e-mails effectively. Exploring the Benefits of Probiotics in Greek Yogurt, Who Invented the Pythagoras Theorem? Your email address will not be published. Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? After you have finished with this lesson, you should be able to: 10 chapters | Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? Improving employee relationships and increasing productivity High-context cultures are those that communicate in ways that are implicit and rely heavily on context. d. Japan. When exchanging important information with someone for whom English is a second language, you should confirm the results and agreements in writing. "[9] Alternatively, in a contemporary variant, "Culture is defined as a social domain that emphasizes the practices, discourses and material expressions, which, over time, express the continuities and discontinuities of social meaning of a life held in common. Members of the culture place emphasis on interpersonal relationships. [18], Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies, which may also produceor inhibitsocial shifts and changes in cultural practices. Developers of social media should use the same design principles for all audiences. In 1870 the anthropologist Edward Tylor (18321917) applied these ideas of higher versus lower culture to propose a theory of the evolution of religion. High-context cultures are collectivist, value interpersonal relationships, and have members that form stable, close relationships. Anthropologist Edward T. Hall first discussed high-context culture in his 1976 book titled Beyond Culture. 1) a. Additionally, Japan has a stronger emphasis on hierarchy, with hierarchical relationships being deeply embedded in the culture. High context cultures are those in which communication is largely implied rather than explicit. They show hostility or indifference toward out-group members; Emphasis on harmony and hierarchy within group; Regulation of behavior with the help of group norms. Family and community play an important role in shaping the culture of Japan. These critics considered folk music (as produced by "the folk," i.e., rural, illiterate, peasants) to honestly express a natural way of life, while classical music seemed superficial and decadent. d.Developers of social media should use the same design principles for all audiences. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of "elementary ideas" (Elementargedanken); different cultures, or different "folk ideas" (Vlkergedanken), are local modifications of the elementary ideas. b. Moreover, Herder proposed a collective form of Bildung: "For Herder, Bildung was the totality of experiences that provide a coherent identity, and sense of common destiny, to a people."[22]. mass culture). UNESCO, 2016, p 73. High-context Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Only managers and business executives need strong communication skills., Most Americans communicate with business associates at approximately 1 feet., Psychological barriers to listening include hearing disabilities, poor acoustics, and noisy surroundings. [citation needed] The distinction between American and British strands, however, has faded. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. a. Norway b. Germany c . According to research conducted by international business scholar Geert Hofstede, Japan is similar to China, South Korea, and India in terms of its high context culture. This view paved the way for the modern understanding of religion. Do I really want to write this message? Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that teaches its members how to behave and conditions their reactions. answer choices reflect unfamiliar or unclear words that his audience might not understand. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. (a) England business ethics. c.is created by a structured educational system. The most important cultural dimension is. For example, the U.S. feminist movement involved new practices that produced a shift in gender relations, altering both gender and economic structures. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. As a result, there has been a recent influx of quantitative sociologists to the field. [68][69][70], Tourism is having an increasing impact on the various forms of culture. [3] Cultures are internally affected by both forces encouraging change and forces resisting change. culture? Cultural change, or repositioning, is the reconstruction of a cultural concept of a society. Some common characteristics of high-context cultures include: High-context cultures are collectivist cultures. Primitive Culture. Every social organization has its prototype in the family. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. In addition, organizations that promote diversity suffer fewer discrimination lawsuits, fewer union clashes, and less government regulatory action. 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Power distance Primarily use non-verbal methods to relay meaningful information in conversations, such as facial expressions, eye movement, and tone of voice. creating an entirely online presence. The country leans towards collectivism, and harmony within the group is important. Societies that have small power distance possess the following features: Participative or consultative style of management; Decision-making responsibility and authority decentralized; Questioning the authority and lack of acceptance; Tolerance toward differing opinions and behaviors. Ethnocentrism does not exist in today's culturally diverse workplace. Communicators from North America, Scandinavia, and Germany tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented. Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. Countries that fall into this categorization are Japan China France Spain Brazil and more. All answer choices are communication technologies being used by companies today. Thus a contrast between "culture" and "civilization" is usually implied in these authors, even when not expressed as such. (Note: Is this article not meeting your expectations? Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. suggests specific strategies for moving toward a more mindful, competent style In diffusion, the form of something (though not necessarily its meaning) moves from one culture to another. follow up important messages in writing. Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that In the wider social sciences, the theoretical perspective of cultural materialism holds that human symbolic culture arises from the material conditions of human life, as humans create the conditions for physical survival, and that the basis of culture is found in evolved biological dispositions. degree to which members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous situations Relying on context and feeling 35. All of the following have been victims of trademark trolling in Read:Discussion Background and answer all, You work for an auto manufacturer designing brake systems, but you do not have a dedicated team. Specifically, culture involves those meanings and practices held independently of reason. [49] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of culture. b. However, some other species have demonstrated similar, though much less complicated, abilities for social learning. To begin our exploration of Japans high context culture, we must first compare it to other high context cultures. Chapter_01_Communicating_in_the_Digital_Age_Workplace, The purpose of this discussion is to help you use strategies to effectively communicate in a professional environment. Acculturation has different meanings. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. Members of ingroups usually share many characteristics and experiences. The transnational flow of culture has played a major role in merging different cultures and sharing thoughts, ideas, and beliefs. This model assumes a mass production of culture and identifies power as residing with those producing cultural artifacts. The second covers the variables that represent the "social orientation" of societies, i.e., the attitudes and lifestyles of their members. The target of the attack is the identity of the opponent, which is why symbolic cultural assets become a main target. prejudice and stereotyping are incompatible with which of the following traits d. In other words, the idea of "culture" that developed in Europe during the 18th and early 19th centuries reflected inequalities within European societies.[29]. of intercultural communication competence: Scholarship High-context cultures are those in which the rules of communication are primarily transmitted through the use of contextual elements (i.e., body language, a person's status, and tone of voice) and are not explicitly stated. Rather than being individualistic, they have an increased inclination towards conformity; Increased concern regarding in-group members. [citation needed], Raimon Panikkar identified 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about, including growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenization, and transformation. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. of the following countries would be considered individualistic cultures: Which In other words, to be seen as effective, the time-tested adage continues to apply: "When in Rome do as the Romans do." ", "the works and practices of intellectual and especially artistic activity.". This culture or common heritage has nothing to do with a common gene pool, formal education, or laws. These communicators represent what kind of culture? Being better ability to create the products desired by consumers According to Karl von Habsburg, President of Blue Shield International, the destruction of cultural assets is also part of psychological warfare. In the practice of religion, analogous attributes can be identified in a social group. Legal. In this sense, multiculturalism values the peaceful coexistence and mutual respect between different cultures inhabiting the same planet. In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism such as Stuart Hall (19322014) and Raymond Williams (19211988) developed cultural studies. Psychological barriers to listening include hearing disabilities, poor acoustics, and noisy surroundings. (a)To maintain good relations with trading partners, (c) To support its domestic industries that use minerals, (d) To increase global supply and reduce the price, Answer- 1) Which country is high context culture? Low-context Cognitive tools may not be accessible or they may function differently cross culture. (a) The EU imposes tariffs on U.S. agricultural products, (b) China limits the amount of rare-earth minerals that can be Write a speech convincing your colleagues in Congress to pass or defeat Trumans Fair Deal measures. The sociology of culture concerns culture as manifested in society. Culture is the set of knowledge acquired over time. High vs. Low Power Distance Cultural Communications | What are High and Low Power Distance Cultural Communications? I have a passion for learning and enjoy explaining complex concepts in a simple way. The GLOBE Project Overview & Behavior Styles | What is the GLOBE Project? Japan Which of the following is a common trait of a business communicator from a low-context culture? (b) Volkswagen It also studies the meanings and uses people attribute to various objects and practices. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. We will look at how the countrys culture compares to other high context cultures, interviews with people experienced in the countrys culture, analysis of the countrys language, the role of family and community, and the impact of globalization. Empathetic senders consider how the receiver will decode the message and try, As you first begin the composition process, which of the following questions should you ask yourself? In this field researchers often concentrate on how particular phenomena relate to matters of ideology, nationality, ethnicity, social class, and/or gender. These norms can influence business practices, as they can affect the way people interact with each other, negotiate, and make decisions. b. Diverse organizations create products demanded by consumers and experience improved employee relationships and increased productivity. Peter must inform his employees that his company will need to let go of employees. Humane Orientation: The degree to which people encourage others to be fair, altruistic, friendly, generous, caring, and king, The "Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness" (GLOBE) Research Program was conceived in 1991 by Robert J. Emphasis on a relationship order depending on status, and observance of this order; Emphasis on persistence and perseverance; Positive association with economic growth; Inclination toward interrelatedness represented in sensitivity toward social contacts. A second major volume, "Culture and Leadership across the World: The GLOBE Book of In-Depth Studies of 25 Societies" became available in early 2007. c.Ethnocentrism causes us to judge others by our own values. 31. Which word would be, To prevent reactions due to language usage, Peter should probably use "layoff" to describe his company's need to let go of employees. 36. They rely less on context & non-verbal cues and instead convey meaning more directly. Japan is a country with a high-context culture. The non-Marxist approaches suggest that different ways of consuming cultural artifacts affect the meaning of the product. "[7], In 1986, philosopher Edward S. Casey wrote, "The very word culture meant 'place tilled' in Middle English, and the same word goes back to Latin colere, 'to inhabit, care for, till, worship' and cultus, 'A cult, especially a religious one.' High context cultures are those in which communication is largely implied rather than explicit. Future Orientation: The extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented behaviors such as delaying gratification, planning, and investing in the future. For uses in the natural sciences, see, Early researchers and development of cultural sociology, Tylor, Edward. c. Culture is considered a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies. Answer: d. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. A low-context culture is a culture in which people communicate explicitly. Check all that apply. The aim is not to protect a person's property, but rather to preserve the cultural heritage of humanity, especially in the event of war and armed conflict. When used as a count noun, a "culture" is the set of customs, traditions, and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. Germany Answer: d. Japan On The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence of Richard Hoggart, E.P. "[24] He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. c. [26], In the 19th century, humanists such as English poet and essayist Matthew Arnold (18221888) used the word "culture" to refer to an ideal of individual human refinement, of "the best that has been thought and said in the world. They depend little on the context of a situation to convey meaning. 33. Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? In reaction to Kant, German scholars such as Johann Gottfried Herder (17441803) argued that human creativity, which necessarily takes unpredictable and highly diverse forms, is as important as human rationality. of intercultural communication. They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. House of the Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania. This website helped me pass! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. d.comes from an orderly system of government and laws. High-context cultures are more likely to be intuitive . d. All rights reserved. Trust must be developed before business transactions can begin. They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. Roger OKeefe, Camille Pron, Tofig Musayev, Gianluca Ferrari "Protection of Cultural Property. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. Japan comes from an orderly system of government and laws. Social media offers very little potential for intercultural engagement. For example, Japan has a more individualistic approach to problem solving, whereas China and South Korea tend to be more collectivist. 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There are strong distinctions made between individuals who are members of the ingroup and those who are not members in high-context cultures. Starting in the 1990s,[57]:31 psychological research on culture influence began to grow and challenge the universality assumed in general psychology. For example, after tropical forests returned at the end of the last ice age, plants suitable for domestication were available, leading to the invention of agriculture, which in turn brought about many cultural innovations and shifts in social dynamics. They also depend little. In conclusion, Japan is a high context culture characterized by shared values, norms, and beliefs. A Comprehensive Analysis, Exploring the Innovative JBX Theater: Revolutionizing the Entertainment Industry. [57]:19 For example, people who are raised in a culture with an abacus are trained with distinctive reasoning style. 38. These forces are related to both social structures and natural events, and are involved in the perpetuation of cultural ideas and practices within current structures, which themselves are subject to change. Low-Context Culture Communication & Examples | What Is Low-Context Culture? Do Metamucil Gummies Work as Well as Powder. Preferring indirect verbal interaction, c.Placing emphasis on written information. Presence technology, videoconferencing, and cloud computing are communication technologies being used by many companies today. "Direct borrowing," on the other hand, tends to refer to technological or tangible diffusion from one culture to another. Exploring the Life and Legacy of the Ancient Greek Mathematician, Are Fairlife Protein Shakes Healthy? _________ assume that the listener understands if he or she nods and smiles in agreement. Write each sentence in the space provided. [2] "Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?" The level of cultural sophistication has also sometimes been used to distinguish civilizations from less complex societies. Culture combines the visible and invisible. 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