the Tower or Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach. Curious is studying the effect of ________ on problem solving. Bonnie placed an order yesterday, and she expects to receive her order tomorrow. Seagull Edition, ISBN 9780393614176; Chapter 1 Notes; Criminology Notes Ch 1; ECO 201 - Chapter 1 Notes; TB-Chapter 16 Ears - These are test bank questions that I paid for. d. were told they were expected to be creative. The lengths of the sides of a triangle are given. fewer tacks are provided.b. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. familiar object.c. . Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection.v. Sales of their calcium-enhanced OJ have been poor, and the product was cancelled. ______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific charac. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. prior learning facilitating problem solving.b. The key to the solution is to overcome functional fixedness. 4B Chapter 12 Flashcards | Chegg.com Describe some strategies that help you solve problems and make decisions based on your reading assignment. /Subtype /Type1 The correct option is b). 2. b. ability to work well with a group of others. warmth judgments on nearness to a solution _____ prior to the solution of an insight problem & ______ prior to the solution of a non-insight one. d. avoid the need to perform means-end analysis. /Name /F2 well-defining, insighting, and m. People are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problems if they focus ona. a. spend less time analyzing problems, b. are better at reasoning in general, c. are more likely to be open to new ways of looking at problems, d. take a more effective approach to organizing the solution to a problem. Metcalfe & Wiebe gave participants problems to solve & asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. a. ignore the falsification principle. d. take astronomy or geology as a physical science elective course. bread and butter, Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. /Name /F4 versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. search. Sanfey and coworkers' "ultimatum game" experiment revealed that people tended to make the________ decision of, a. irrational; accepting any offer, b. irrational; accepting only higher offers, c. rational; accepting any offer, d. rational; accepting only high offers, In an experiment that combined both physiological and behavioral approaches to the study of decision making, PFC activity was recorded while participants accepted or rejected proposals to split a sum of money ($10). parity.d. Experts categorize problems based ona. c. Experts often spend more time analyzing problems than novices. /Type /Font the best description of the purpose of think-aloud protocols is that they are used to determine: what info. Greg's account contains. Give Me Liberty! metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? /Type /Font the elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT: The typical purpose of subgoals is to ___, bring the problem solver closer to the goal state, The best description of the purpose of think-aloud protocols is that they are used to determine, what information a person is attending to while solving a problem, using the solution of one problem in order to solve another problem is called, The solution to the Russian Marriage problem can be applied to solving the _____ problem, Dunker's radiation problem involved the destruction of a, The restructured radiation problem is solved by dividing the _____ into many, When solving analogous source problems, most people don't make the connection between the _______ story and the target problem, Analogical problem solving requires people to __________ a relationship between a source story and a target story, Correspondence between a source sorry and a target story is called, The underlying principle that governs the solution process of analogical transfer is called, People can discover the similar structural features between two problems using a learned technique called. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to make "warmth" judgments every 15 sec. Dual systems theory suggests that we have two systems that operate in cognition: one involving a fast, intuitive, non-conscious process, and the other, a slower, reflective, conscious processing system. warmth judgments.d. b. match box can be used as a shelf. Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. When she was ready to dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one. Therefore, the two problems have very different. In his hurry, Miguel grabs two identical left-footed, size 6 red sneakers and runs to his mother still sock-footed. gradually rise; rise suddenly justc. Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. This problem demonstrates mental set, which is a preconceived notion about how to approach a problem, all the possible states before a problem is solved, how people represent a problem in their mind, solving a problem involves reorganization or restructuring. His factory still had three cases of cartons, and Ali was told he could take them if he wanted them. Many people receive unsolicited calls from telemarketers or unwanted junk mailers advertising offers for products such as cable or Internet services or cellular phone companies. restructuring.b. By doing this, Dr. endobj c. The argument is weak because the observation does not consider other cities. b. being able to solve other problems at all. /XObject 19 0 R Using a pair of pliers as a paperweightb. The purpose of this experiment was to. Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involvinga. The purpose of this experiment was to: Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? Novel objects before a function was described. << /Subtype /Type1 The text's discussion of the research on in vivo problem solving highlighted that ____ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems. structural; diminishd. However, a limitation of this and other classical paradigms for studying insightful and non-insightful problem solving is related to the fact that they use two different His task sets. Mental Set The typical purpose of subgoals is toa. 9 0 obj Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems?a. Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving reorganization or restructuring. /dieresis/.notdef/ring/cedilla/.notdef/hungarumlaut/ogonek/caron 11 0 obj Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? [Solved] Metcalfe and Wiebe (1987)gave Participants Problems That /Name /F12 By using a(n)_________ , a country could increase the percentage of individuals agreeing to be organ donors dramatically. /Subtype /Type1 well- and ill-defined problems. 17. PDF Intuitive Feelings of Warmth and Confidence in Insight and Noninsight How re-representing a problem can lead to a solution. low-pressureb. Please select the correct language below. Experts often group problems differently than. The tuna swam away across the pond." >> How to Detect Insight Moments in Problem Solving Experiments Someone who has devoted much time to learning about a particular field, ___ categorize problems by surface features, Divergent thinking can be associated with ill-defined problems which ________ can be associated with well-defined problems, ___________ occurs when a sample design inhibits creative thinking, Ideas that precede the creation of a finished creative produce are called__________. /ProcSet 15 0 R Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? /Subtype /Type1 You have created 2 folders. convergent thinking.b. The ability to transfer experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known asa. b. are more likely to purchase meat advertised as 80% fat free than 20% fat. Continuing to take the street to the north represents ___________. In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. They got to make up sentences tha Analogies are sometimes explored and developed at some length, for purposes of problem-solving. Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution ____ prior to the solution of an insight problem and ____ prior to the solution of a non-insight problem.a. Cassandra has five chapters to red for her upcoming midterm, and she finds the thought of sitting down and reading hundreds of pages at once overwhelming. /cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guillemotright/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown >> Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps: a. restructuring, searching, and simulating. She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. /Encoding 16 0 R Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. search. in vivo problem solving. /Encoding 16 0 R a. prior learning facilitating problem solving. Illustrative of functional fixedness, people are more likely to solve the candle problem if. The population of the town of Plymouth was 7,9507,9507,950 and decreasing by 505050 residents per year. Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n). /Differences [ 128/.notdef/quoteleft/quoteright/quotedblleft/quotedblright/emdash/bullet/.notdef Quiz 12: Problem Solving | Quiz+ 38. Will the remaining students be able to shoe-up with the remaining shoes without getting a foot-ache? CogPsych HW 7 Flashcards | Quizlet was to: demonstrate a diff. The purpose of this experiment was to ( Multiple Choice) Question 19 Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. frequently used object.d. Ill-defined problems are so named because it is difficult to specify ________ for the problems. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems? Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Finke's creating an object studies show that people were more likely to come up w/ creative uses for pre-inventive objects is they: How do cognitive psychologists approach researching the way people solve problems? what information a person is attending to while solving a problem.b. >> EXPERIMENT 1 Method Subjects. object with a specific function. The students were very creative. d. incorrectly apply the permission schema. The argument is weak because there is only one specific case. /egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a: Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. /Subtype /Type1 present one sample design throughout the task.d. d. object with a specific function. She majored in philosophy as an undergraduate. After a substantial list has been created, they then go through every idea and rate its merits or deficits, until they come up with the best idea to pitch to the corporate sponsor. Using a tire as a swing seat and as a football practice targetc. prototype, Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the process of analogical problem solving?a. One stop for all your course learning material, explainations, examples and practice questions. Metcalfe & Wiebe gave participants problems to solve & asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. If we judge the probability of Gabrielle's being a model quite high because she resembles our stereotype of a model, we are using. candle can be cut in half.d. mental sets. Which of the following is not true about divergent thinking? The purpose of this experiment was to a. demonstrate a difference between how people experience solving insight and non-insight problems. present one sample design for a brief period.c. Metcalfe and Wiebe found that heat levels gradually increased before people found an adequate solution to the former type of problem, whereas the latter type of problem called "incremental" problems. When she was ready to dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one. 3, 8, 10, Fill in the blank to complete the trigonometric identity. Whereas Metcalfe and Wiebe's (1987) participants provided a final warmth rating that indicated that they were certain they found the solution, our participants were instructed to provide warmth ratings only before they reached the solution, and the solution itself acted as the final rating. /.notdef/.notdef/quotesinglbase/quotedblbase/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef You are concerned about the detrimental effects of smoking on his health, and you raise that concern to him. a. what information a person is attending to while solving a problem. a single correct answerd. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to The application of a(n)______ makes it easier to solve the "drinking beer" version of the Wason problem. multiple goal states.c. creating subgoals, In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated checker-board problem. Metcalfe and Wiebe Question 2 1 metcalfe and wiebe gave participants - Course Hero which people can be considered more creative in ability to solve problems.c. d. The argument is strong because there are a large number of observations and there is evidence about how the earth turns on its axis. means-end analysisb. Holly's ability to solve the "dish up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles? flexibilityd. Goal is to tie two strings together which are too far apart to be reached. is open-ended.b. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Acrobats must be of equal weightd. /BaseFont /Times-Roman Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. Two-string problemc. Quiz 12 Flashcards - Cram.com ill-defined; information processingc. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems? Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Russian marriage, Dr. c. understanding why the procedure works successfully. are more likely to be open to new ways of looking at problemsd. analogiesb. psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem bc: ill-defined problems are so named bc it is difficult to specify ______ for the problems. Developing schemas for each individual problem, c. Connecting the fortress with the tumor, d. Generalizing from groups of soldiers to aliens arriving to help fight. d. tendency to detect when others are cheating. A _____ string led to a restructured representation in the two-string problem.a. radiationd. endobj Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. a. match box can be used as a container for tacks. stream Bonnie is using. design fixation.b. {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"Quiz 12","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/quiz-12-2532023","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. c. surfacing, structuring, and generalizing. How will Janet retrieve the book? match box can be used as a shelf.c. /Encoding 16 0 R their research program was based on the idea that problem solving is a process that involves: the Tower or Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach. /F4 6 0 R What fraction of 105 is 513?5 \frac{1}{3} ?531? Newell & Simon, early computer program designers for problem solving. /Resources move the solver directly from the initial state to the goal state.c. May 2013. b. For each corporate sponsor, Phoenix gets their best advertising team members, and they sit in a room for several hours throwing out every idea they can come up with, no matter how good or bad it is. c. people often have to backtrack within the problem space to arrive at an answer to a problem. The information processing approach describes problem solving as a process involvinga. Your textbook suggests that a trait that appears to be common to both mental illness and creativity is _______. /Encoding 16 0 R The purpose of this experiment was to: a. demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps, Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 25 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. 8. << The "creative cognition" approach that Finke used to get people to "invent" useful objects, is an example of, PFC-damaged patients have trouble with reading comprehension tasks. /Contents 20 0 R creating operators.d. operators.d. In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientist who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. the purpose of the exp. The purpose of this experiment was to A) demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. knottedd. noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. Experts _____ than novices.a. high-pressurec. 1. The solution to the candle problem involves realizing that the Illustrative of functional fixedness, people are more likely to solve the candle problem if A ______ string led to a restructured representation in the two-string problem. endobj Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution ____ prior to the solution of an insight problem and _______prior to the solution of a non-insight problem. Newell and Simon called the conditions at the beginning of the problem thea. Observation: Here in Nashville, the sun has risen every morning. b/t how people solve insight & non-insight problems algorithms.c. a. break up or stay involved with a current girlfriend. had been pre-selected as "creative" indi, In Belilock and Carr's study of the relationship between working memory capacity and problem solving, individuals with high working memory capacity performed best in the ______ condition.a. /BaseFont /Courier-Oblique /Type /Font /Type /Encoding to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. 12 0 obj Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because.
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